what is a referendum quizlet

VI). II, 1b; O.R.C. Tit. Types allowed: Direct citizen initiative for statutes and amendments and popular referendum, Single subject rule: Yes (C.R.S.A. Art. III, 4). Paying per signature was held unconstitutional (Miss. Number of signatures required: For statutes, 5 % of the total qualified electors of the state, determined by the number of votes cast for governor in the preceding general election. 5, 1; M.G.L.A. 11 5, Idaho: I.C. Const. 1-40-116). Art. The popular referendum was first introduced in the United States by South Dakota in 1898, and first used in 1906 in Oregon, two years after the first initiative was used in 1904, also in Oregon. Collected in-person: Yes (U.C.A. 12, 2). Timeline for taking effect: An act rejected by referendum is void 30 days after certification. Art. Legislature or other government official review: The chief petitioner may amend the initiative without having to re-submit if the attorney general reviews the changes and certifies that it does not change it substantially (O.R.S. Art. There is a principal circulator whose information is publicly available upon request. Art. Once the lieutenant governor receives the verified packets from the clerks, they count the number of names and declare the proposition sufficient or not (U.C.A. Upon each of the ballots, following the ballot title or text, the words For the referred law and Against the referred law, must appear. ), Const. Which election is a measure on: Biennial regular general election (C.R.S.A. V, 2). Art. Art. Ballot title and summary: Attorney general after receiving written comments from the Legislative Research Council (SDCL 12-13-25.1). Art. Const. Where to file: Secretary of state (NMSA 1-17-8). 21 1; A.R.S. Any contribution of $500 or more in last 13 days to be reported within 24 hours. 1-40-134). Otherwise, they may submit an alternative measure. 34, 1, 4 and 8. The primary responsibility for conducting public elections rests with, 5. 22-24-407). Depending on the legislature's action, the proponents may continue to pursue placement on the ballot for a popular vote. (Const. Art. Petitions must be submitted not more than 90 days after the law which is the subject of the petition has become law. 46. Which election: The first statewide election held more than 180 days after adjournment of the session during which the act was passed (Const. 7-9-107). Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited; a petition section is invalid if this happens (CRS 1-40-111(3)(IV)). II, 1). II, 1(d) and RCW 29A.72.030 and .160). Michigan: The director of elections, with the approval of the board of canvassers, prepares a statement of designation for the ballot. Submission deadline for signatures: Not more than 60 days after the final adjournment of the session of the state legislature which passed on the bill on which the referendum is demanded (IC 34-1803). Repeal or change restrictions: Amend or repeal must be approved by voters, unless the original measure permits amendment or repeal without voter approval (Cal.Const. 1-45-103, 1-45-108.3, 1-45-111.5 1-45-117). 168.32). Reports of expenditures and contributions received are required quarterly in nonelection years and monthly, March through November, in election years. Must include the title and effective date of the referred law, the date of the general election at which it is to be referred. Legislature may hold public hearings and must hold a committee hearing once 25 % of signatures are collected (Cal.Gov.Code 10243, 12172; Cal.Elec.Code 9007, 9034). Petitions must be submitted by 5 p.m. not more than 90 days after final adjournment of the legislative session at which the bill was passed. 19, 2; N.R.S. Application process information: Requires 25 or more must signatures as a sponsoring committee and present the complete measure to the secretary of state for approval, one of whom which must be designated as chairman of the sponsoring committee. The legislature can approve the proposed measure, or a substantially similar one, in which case it is unnecessary for the measure to go on the ballot for voters to consider. d. $10,000,000. outside donations. 2). Who can sign the petition: Electors of the state (Const. 48, Init., Pt. Does the law in question take effect before the referendum vote: Operation of the law is suspended when petitions with sufficient signatures to trigger a vote are submitted (Const. Must obtain a petition entity license before circulating petitions or paying circulators. Only 20 signatures allowed per sheet and each sheet is from one county. Const. d. the label for whoever is leading in the polls on the day of the election, 31. Art. Referendum This is power in the hands of the electorate to either accept or reject a proposal to an existing legislation through an election called for this purpose. 19, 2). Who can sign the petition: Registered voters (A.C.A. Art. Art. L-04, 2011 WL 1130010 (July 5, 2011). 3, 52(f)). Art. Legislature or other government official review: Reviews done by attorney general and legislative services division. 29. Art. Majority to pass: Yes (V.A.M.S. 4, 5; M.G.L.A. What is on each petition: Petition format is addressed in Mo.Rev.Stat. advantage one group or party. 2, 8). Art. Collected in-person: Implied (MCA 13-27-102), Withdrawal process of individual signature: Any time prior to official filing (MCA 13-27-301). Collected in-person: Yes (W.S.1977 22-24-312). Campaign statements must be filed by the 11th day before the election, the thirtieth day after the election, April 25 and July 25 every year, Oct. 25 in odd-numbered years. Collectors must file signatures within 316 days after the day on which the application is filed, within 30 days after the day on which the first individual signs the inititative packetor the April15 immediately before the next regular general election immediately after the application is filed. Circulator oaths or affidavit required: Yes (Const. General assembly members opposing the amendment may prepare or designate others to prepare a brief argument against such amendment, submitted to attorney general (5 ILCS 20/2). Limited to matters that can be enacted by legislation, and no measures that interfere with the legislatures ability to direct taxation of necessary revenues. Cannot have been found guilty of a criminal felony or a violation of election laws, fraud, forgery or identification theft, Cannot have been convicted of or pled guilty to crimes involving forgery. 10% of total votes cast in previous general election, 5% of votes cast for all candidates for governor in previous election, 6% of total votes cast for the office of governor in the last general election, 5% of votes cast for all candidates for governor in the last gubernatorial election, 5% of votes cast for secretary of state in last election, 6% of the qualified electors at the time of the last general election, 10% of the total votes cast for governor in the last gubernatorial election, 3% of the votes cast for governor at the preceding biennial state election, 2% of the entire votes cast for governor at the preceding biennial state election, 5% of total votes cast for all candidates for governor in the last general election, 5% of the total vote cast for governor at the last election. Art. Must also file with the secretary of state not less than four months before the election at which they are to be voted on (I.C. In most locales, a few questions usually appear on the ballot at election time, often involving such issues as new zoning ordinances, new taxes for schools, and new limits on spending. 1953 20A-7-208; 20A-7-702). In calendar quarters with an election, additional reports are due 10 days before the election and 15 days after the election. Also requires full disclosure of campaign staffers. The filing of a referendum petition against any item, section, or part of any measure shall not prevent the remainder of such measure from becoming operative. Amend. Subject restrictions: May not be used for laws necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health or safety, and laws making appropriations for the current expenses of the state government, for the maintenance of state institutions and for the support of public schools (Const. 130.046). In the politics of the United States, the process of initiatives and referendums allow citizens of many U.S. states to place new legislation, or to place legislation that has recently been passed by a . Prepared by joint legislative budget committee staff. III, 5(1) and MCA 13-27-301. 19-121), Ballot title and summary: Secretary of state, approved by attorney general (A.R.S. Const. Art. Art. Pamphlet contains one-sentence statements describing the effect of a "yes" or "no" vote prepared jointly by the attorney general and the state secretary (M.G.L.A. Number of signatures required: 10% of those who voted in the preceding general election (AS 15.45.370(2)(A)). Art. Art. The descriptive title, which is printed below the official title on the ballot, is written by the secretary of state with the approval of the attorney general. XLVII, Pt. Where to file: Not specified in statute; presumably with the State Board, since the Board is empowered to adopt regulations specifying how to file. a. butterfly ballot. 48, Init., Pt. a. spot ads Reports are monthly during election years and annually in nonelection years. Art. b. majority system Contributions of $1,000 or more must be reported within 48 hours after receipt. Repeal or change restrictions: No act, law or bill approved by a majority of the electors voting thereon shall be amended or repealed by the legislature within a period of two years following such enactment unless by a vote of two-thirds of all the members elected to each house. Rev. Where to file with: Secretary of state (W.S.1977 22-24-302). Who can sign the petition: Qualified electors of the state of Montana (MCA 13-27-102). II, 9). a. majority Petitions must be submitted to counties for verification four weeks before this deadline (MCA 13-27-301). V, 1), Collected in-person: Yes (A.C.A. Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: If sufficiency is being reviewed at the time the ballot is being prepared, the measure shall be placed on the ballot and no subsequent decision shall invalidate it if it is approved by a majority of voters (Const. 23-17-17; 23-17-19). Const. 250.045). Art. 5, 1). ; The referendum process allows citizens to refer a law that passed the legislature to the ballot for voters to decide whether to uphold or repeal the law. 30. Who is the incumbent? ", Miss. Laws providing for tax levies; appropriations for the current expenses of the state government and state institutions; and emergency laws necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health or safety. Reports of contributions and expenditures are due quarterly in calendar years without elections. The statement may not be submitted electronically (Utah Code 20A-7-305). 2, 3; M.G.L.A. Who writes this varies. And attorney general reviews legality (MCA 13-27-202; 13-27-312; 13-27-402). submission of the petitions to the state elections official, who must verify the number of signatures. An amendment requires at least one-fourth of members to support to get onto the ballot. 4, Pt. Proponent organization and requirements: Petition sponsors may not gather signatures without first forming a ballot issue committee (Elec. For an act passed less than 45 days before June 1, the first third of the required number of signatures must be submitted within 30 days of the act's passage, and the time for filing the additional required signatures is extended another 30 days (Const. Types Allowed: Indirect initiative for statutes, and popular referendum. Majority to pass: Yes (M.C.L.A. 2, 19; Amalgamated Transit Union Local 597 v. State of Washington, 11 P.3d 762 [2000]), Arkansas (AR Const. 130.021). Fiscal review: Office of Fiscal and Program Review prepares (1 M.R.S.A. 14, 3), Majority to pass: Three-fifths of those voting on the amendment itself or a majority of those voting in the election (ILCS Const. seq). Where to file: Secretary of state (Const. Circulator oaths or affidavits: No statute, Paid per signature: May be paid (F.S.A. States have rules in place to govern what legislatures or governors can do to citizen initiatives once they pass. 3519.01). The secretary of state submits the title to the attorney general for approval when signed petitions are timely filed for verification. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but may not be limited to groups supporting or opposing ballot measures are treated as political committees, no statute found limiting contributions to ballot measure political committees, designation of a treasurer, filing statements of organization, and follow account and reporting requirements (O.R.S. Reports of contributions and expenditures are due quarterly in calendar years without elections. A referendum is a process for constitutional change in which proposal is voted on by the public. Art. 8; 9). Art. Art. Next succeeding election at which the question may be voted upon by the voters of the entire state. Application process information: Petitioners file a statement containing the object of the petition and the text of the measure with the secretary of state, together with a sworn statement containing the names and street addresses of every person, corporation or association sponsoring the petition (NRS 32-1405). Next statewide or special election after the legislative session concludes sine die, and signatures submitted to appropriate state officials at least 10 days before submitted to secretary of state, which is the 50th day of the first regular session or the 25th day of the second regular session. 3, 18, 20). 5, 1). Voters were asked whether to give the Federal Government the power to make special laws for Indigenous Australians in states, and whether in population counts for constitutional purposes to include all Indigenous Australians. 34-1812c). MT CONST Art. Legislature or other government official review: Attorney general prepares explanatory statements. 1953 20A-7-202). Petition sheets will always include space for signatures. 3, 19). Art. A popular referendum (also known, depending on jurisdiction, as citizens veto, peoples veto, veto referendum, citizen referendum, abrogative referendum, rejective referendum, suspensive referendum or statute referendum) is a type of a referendum that provides a means by which a petition signed by a certain minimum . Proponent organization and requirements: Must also file statement of organization (SDCL 12-27-6). 72.050 and .060). 48, Init., Pt. Legislature or other government official review: Attorney general and Supreme Court are part of the signature verification process and the ability of the public to protest as to the constitutionality of the measure. Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (Elec. Art. 100.371), Ballot title and summary: Sponsor, approved by secretary of state, reviewed by attorney general (F.S.A. Circulator oaths or affidavits: Yes, and must be notarized (C.R.S. Const. Photo identification requirement Which amendment ended poll taxes in 1964? Subject restrictions: No law that relates to religion, religious practices or religious institutions; or to the appointment, qualification, tenure, removal or compensation of judges; or to the powers, creation or abolition of courts; or the operation of which is restricted to a particular town, city or other political division or to particular districts or localities of the commonwealth; or that appropriates money for the current or ordinary expenses of the commonwealth or for any of its departments, boards, commissions or institutions shall be the subject of a referendum petition (Const. Number of signatures required: 15% of the total ballots cast in the previous general election (Const. Stat. 3, 17(1)). a. at least 25 percent of all votes cast Stat. 250.065), Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: Four months prior to the general election (OR CONST Art. Submission deadline for signatures: By 5 p.m. not more than 90 days after final adjournment of the legislative session at which the bill was passed (Const. a. 22-24-412, Within 90 days after the adjournment of the legislative session at which it was passed. XVI, 2). Thirteen states require a voter pamphlet or booklet, usually mailed to every voter or household: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Illinois, Maine, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah and Washington. Must include the language "a committee for/against Proposition __" in any reference to the committee required by law (Govt. Verification: Random sampling (CRS 1-40-116). 7-9-108). II, 1g; O.R.C. To save this word, you'll need to log in. Art. A title board, which is comprised of the secretary of state, attorney general and director of the office of legislative legal services, Petition sponsors, with approval of attorney general, Written by petitions sponsors, approved by attorney general, Const. **Residency requirement was struck down by Term Limits Leadership Council v. Clark (1997). 2, 3; Amend. III, 6). VI, Subpt. In the others, the measure goes directly to the ballot after it is submitted to the legislature. 116.180; V.A.M.S. Semiannual statements of contributions and expenditures are due July 31 and January 31. Application process information: Not specified. Const. II, 10(a)). Next general election at least four months after filing the signatures. Art. Stat. Art. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Within three days of making an expenditure or receiving a contribution, a political committee must file a statement of organization and designated a treasurer (ORS 260.035). Proponent financial disclosure requirements: All campaign finance activity must be conducted through a campaign finance entity. Under the obligatory type, a statute or constitution requires that certain classes of legislative action be referred to a popular vote for approval or rejection. 19, 3; N.R.S. 23-17-5). 15, 273), Ballot title and summary: Attorney general (Miss. Which election is a measure on: General election (SDCL 2-1-17). c. using spot advertisements Where to file with: Attorney general (O.R.C. 4, Pt. II, 1g; Art. 1953 20A-7-202; U.C.A. Petition title and summary creation: Attorney general certifies submitted title and measure and summary by secretary of state, with attorney general oversight (M.G.L.A. These decisions include funding, budgets, candidate removal, candidate approval, policy changes, and constitutional amendments. 8). Art. But such enactment may be amended or repealed at any general regular or special election by direct vote of the people thereon (Const. States vary in the way popular referendum questions are posed. 3519.22. IV, 1(3)). II, 9). 3519.04). 3, 18), Who can sign the petition: Electors (M.R.S.A. Petitions must be submitted to counties for verification four weeks before this deadline. Petition title and summary creation: Secretary of state, revisor of statutes and attorney general (21-A M.R.S.A. The president of the Senate and the speaker of the House of Representatives have authority to designate groups of members to prepare arguments for and against amendments to the Ohio Constitution proposed by the General Assembly, a person or persons to prepare an argument for any law, section, or item submitted to the electors by referendum petition, and a person or persons to prepare an argument against any constitutional amendment proposed by initiative petition. For statutory initiatives, 2% of residential population according to the last federal decennial census. Art. Art. personality clash? Eight% of votes cast for the office of governor at last regular gubernatorial election prior to submission of the signatures for verification. If a second sampling is needed, an estimated duplication rate will be calculated. Withdrawal process of individual signature: Not specified. Conflicting measures: The measure with the most affirmative votes becomes law (NDCC Const. 6, 10). Stat. If the legislature does not enact the proposition, then proponents may collect the additional 5 % of signatures required to get the measure onto the ballot (U.C.A. Number of signatures required: For indirect initiatives submitted to the legislature, 5 % of all votes cast for all candidates for U.S. president at the last general election. Types allowed: Direct and indirect initiatives for statutes, and popular referendum, Single subject rule: Yes (U.C.A. b. proportional representation Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Must file statement of organization as a PAC upon receiving contributions or making expenditures in any combination of at least $1,000 in connection with an election (ARS 19-905(C)). Code 107). d. the Republicans and the Democrats. Legislature or other government official review: After chance for comment by all legislators, the legislative council prepares an impartial analysis with description, background information and likely effects (A.R.S. Corrections? 106.191). 100.371). 19, 2; American Civil Liberties Union of Nevada v. Loma [2006]; N.R.S. Ban struck down by courts (RCWA 29A.84.280; LIMIT v. Maleng, 1994). Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but may not be limited to a ballot question committee filing campaign statements, filing the 16th day before the election to the 11th day before the election, a postelection campaign statement, fines if failure to file properly, advertising guidelines (M.C.L.A. Restrictions included 120 days before election for amendments, and 160 days before an election and not less than 10 days before legislative session for statutes. Art. Application process information: Must file an exact copy as found in 34 Okl.St.Ann. Withdrawal of petition: Proponents may withdraw a measure at any time before filing the petition (Elec. Art. Circulator requirements: 18 years of age (NRS 32-629 and -1404). Which election: Next general election (Const. Stat. Majority to pass: Majority and at least 35 % of the total votes cast in the entire election (Ne.Rev.St. Which election is a measure on: General election (F.S.A. 1(5)). Number of signatures required: Ten % of votes cast for all candidates for governor in previous election for statutes. Number of signatures required: For statutory initiatives, 6 % of the total votes cast for all candidates for governor in last general election. Circulator oaths or affidavit required: Yes (Const. Art. 168.482; 168.544c). Petition title and summary creation: Sponsors draft title (ARS 19-101(A)). 295.015). Art. Art. If neither receives majority, the one receiving the most votes, if it receives more than one-third of the votes given for or against both, will appear at the next statewide election to be held not less than 60 days after the vote (M.R.S.A. Art. Mississippi: Attorney general may confer with proponents and may recommend revisions. 2). Governor may veto a measure initiative by the people and passed by the legislature, but then it is referred to the people as a popular referendum (M.R.S.A. 3519.22). 901, 906; 1 M.R.S.A. Amend. Public review or notice: Public may comment for 15 days on petition once it is approved for circulation, and may attend hearing held by joint committee on legislative research, with comments from that meeting made public, and newspaper publication (V.A.M.S. Art. 12, 2; M.C.L.A. Art. What is a referendum? Art. Where to file with: Legislative Research Council, attorney general and secretary of state (SDCL 12-13-25.1; 12-13-26). LXXIV, 2 and MGL ch. Const. 48, Init., Pt. 3, 52). Art. a. graft. The parties take a list of issues and concerns and frames the election around the platform. New Mexico: at least 40% (Const. c. was forbidden by the Campaign Reform Act of 1974. May also post in newspaper (21-A M.R.S.A. 295.015). Art. Withdrawal process of individual signature: Written statement at secretary of states office, mail a notarized statement to the office, or strike name through on petition (A.R.S. 3, 52(e)) with the assistance of the attorney general (Wyo. 2, 3). Public reviews for 30 days and provides comments to the proponent. Measure provisions cannot be dependent upon meeting certain vote percentage. Art. The cost of a referendum may make it less likely that it is chosen to be initiated. What is on each petition: Petition is addressed to the secretary of state and must contain for each petitioner a declaration that he is a qualified elector, address and date of signature. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but are not limited to regular reports filed with Ethics Commission, deadlines for filing, dollar amounts to report, dollar limits on contribution amounts, and no donations from PACs or anonymous contributors (A.C.A. The legislature may submit a competing measure to the ballot (M.G.L.A. Withdrawal process of individual signature: Can file a request with the county clerk any time before the petition is filed (NRS 295.055). 19, 3; Nev. Rev. Some of the most common reasons to cast a provisional ballot include: The REFERENDUM allows citizens, through the petition process, to refer acts of the Legislature to the ballot before they become law. In these states, sponsors gather a smaller number of signatures to reach the first stage of qualification and, once enough valid signatures are gathered to meet this threshold, the initiative goes before the state legislature. Code 23-17-3. Const. Some states place restrictions on how sponsors may pay petition circulators. Brexit. 3519.03; 3519.01; 3519.062). Art. Circulator requirements: At least 18 years old and a qualified elector (34 Okl.St.Ann. c. balloting Petitions must be submitted not more than 90 days after the final adjournment of the session of the general assembly that passed the bill on which the referendum is demanded.

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